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디킨즈의 소설에 나타난 근대성 연구= = (A)study on Charles Dickens' novels: with the focus on their modernity
디킨즈의 소설에 나타난 근대성 연구= (A)study on Charles Dickens' novels: with the focus on...
디킨즈의 소설에 나타난 근대성 연구= = (A)study on Charles Dickens' novels: with the focus on their modernity
자료유형  
 학위논문
DDC  
823.8-19
청구기호  
843 이743ㄷ
저자명  
이선주
서명/저자  
디킨즈의 소설에 나타난 근대성 연구= (A)study on Charles Dickens novels: with the focus on their modernity 李善珠
발행사항  
서울 : 이화여자대학교, 1997
형태사항  
iii,160장 ; 26cm
학위논문주기  
학위논문(박사) - 이화여자대학교 대학원 : 영어영문학과, 1997
초록/해제  
초록 :This study aims to analyze novels by Charles Dickens(1812-1870), whose literary works had the 19th century London, England, as their background, from the perspective of modernity. Through The Old Curiosity Shop(1841), Little Dorrit(1857), and Our Mutual Friend(1865) - that is, Dickens' works from early, middle, and later periods, the present writer attempts to examine how Dickens evaluated and gave literary form to the transformation of medieval feudal hierarchy society into modern capitalistic civil society that his age had witnessed. The Modern Era is, from the economic point of view, the capitalistic system dominated by the logic of accumulation of capital; and from the social point of view, the civil society liberated from the restrictions of social hierarchy. Therefore, this dissertation attempts to examine how modernity, its capitalism and civil society, is reflected in the three works of Dickens' early, middle, and later years; explore how the two modern characteristics' complex interactions change through Dickens' different literary periond; and enlighten on how Dickens, in his faithful portrayal of the modern experience, overcomes the modern problems. The existing discussions on Dickens have been focused on his being a critic of capitalistic society that worked on its full-scale during Dickens' time. However, if capitalism becomes the main framework in the analysis of Dickens' novels, there is the danger of this perspective becoming the criticism of the society as a whole. Actually, Dickens lived at a time when active modern movement of civil consciousness could co-exist with the problems of capitalism. Since this dissertation's perspective on modernity embraces even the interaction between capitalism and civil society, it is expected to provide an impartial evaluation of Dickens' time and works. In addition, this study concentrates on the fact that the reason why Dickens could grasp the complex and distorted form of English modernity better than any other novelist was because he had written his novels centering around London, and not the agricultural nor industrial cities. Introduction aims to discuss what modernity is and how Dickens understood the characteristics of his contemporary society. That is, how Dickens comprehended the development and structural problems of capitalism which had brought about the stroke that led to modern Age, is examined. Also how Dickens comprehended the disintegration of hierarchical order that capitalism raised and the activeness and limitations of develpment of civil society. In addition, by examining Dickens' method of portraying the labor class, the middle class, and gentlemen, a greater understanding of how Dickens comprehended the role of each class in the progress of modern society toward the free and equal society, will be made. In Chapter 2, The Old Curiosity Shop will be anlyzed from the perspective of this work being the reflection of the modern society in its formation stage. On this point, the antagonistic structure between Quilp, who becomes influential with his financial power in London, and Nell, who finds haven in the solitary medieval-like country from Quilp's threats, may be said to imply the governing/governed relationship between London, the center of modern capitalism, and the countryside, which had been sacrificed in the main current of urbanization and industrialization. Quilp is quite free from rank consciousness for he is the early middle class, full of confidence from having accumulated wealth. However, the basic desire that dominates him is to harrass others with his wealth, so that modern civilian's freedom becomes negative possession in Quilp. Therefore, this dissertation focuses on presenting the abnormal actuality of the modern society with its results from capitalistic and technological developments through Quilp's activities in London. On the other hand, the little girl Nell represents Nature and the pure spirit that the modern London society lacks, and her journey to the countryside enlightens on the fact that this very place is where the practical, final price of industrial expansion and progress is being paid under the tumult of early 19th century industrialization and urbanization and that the modern society is founded upon the sacrifice of such very precious yet weak existences like Nell and the countryside. In Little Dorrit, with 1850's as its setting, the fact that Dickens had been aware of the increasingly problematic nature of the modern society with its decreasing positiveness, is emphasized. And by establishing Merdle, a finance-capitalist, as this novel's representative capitalist, the original problems of capitalism - that is, exploitation and fraud, intensify. On the other hand, people are portrayed as desiring to become and imitate the "gentleman", rather than exploring modern man's possibility of becoming the liberated civilian with equal rights and duties. And the possibility of reaching a democratic modern society becomes distant due to the active defense mechanism of the ruling nobility within the political structure monopolized by the nobility as yet. Consequently, as this society is characterized by mesmerizing power of money and philistine envy of gentleman, the fact that this is the complex society interwined with the double desires of money and rank is emphasized. In Chapter 4, Dickens' final understanding of his time will be discussed with an analysis of Our Mutual Friend, Dickens' last completed novel with its setting in the 1860's. Here, the fact that the power of capital which materializes and fragmentalizes man has been debased into the omniscient material deity, especially in the form of stacks. In this novel the society is shown to be greatly distanced from the free and equal civil society due to overpowering materialism despite the decreased strength of nobility's inherited position and the establishment of the middle class who would take on the leading role in the modern society as the ruling class. Dickens, disillusioned by the phenomenon of middle class becoming the society's counteractive corrupt power, defines the labor class' degree of civil consciousness through Headstone who became a teacher through self-help. This dissertation focuses on the fact that Headstone's ambitious life rejects the social phenomenon of the time in which people with the ability to lead the labor class through self-development gradually loses interest in the improvement of the life of his class as a whole or in social reformation and concentrates only on personal success. Despite his intense feeling of disillusionment at the modern society, Dickens still opens up the vision of regeneration. The relationship between Eugene and Lizzie who have overcome class difference, is faithfully portrayed on the track of reality, whereas description Harmon and Bella who have come together in love, with no regard for materialistic values, takes on the hue of sentimental optimism that includes the easygoing attempt to alleviate capitalistic society's problem through charity. As such, Dickens not only faithfully represented the experience of modernity -domineering capitalism and delay of civil society, but also perceived its problems and suggested a way to overcome them.
키워드  
디킨즈 소설 근대성 CHARLES DICKENS NOVEL FOCUS MODERNITY
Control Number  
yscl:31703
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